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23 Oct 2024

Zimbabwe Grapples with Tree Cover Loss and Wildfire Incidents
Zimbabwe Grapples with Tree Cover Loss and Wildfire Incidents

Zimbabwe has been facing significant challenges with tree cover loss over the past two decades, with the latest incident reported on October 23, 2024, in the Mashonaland West Province. The country, which spans over 39 million hectares, has a tree cover extent of approximately 1.40 million hectares. Analysis of historical data reveals that shifting agriculture and forestry are the primary drivers of tree cover loss, contributing to substantial environmental impacts.

From 2001 to 2022, Zimbabwe experienced a net loss of nearly 400,000 hectares of tree cover, marking a 5.91% decrease. Shifting agriculture alone accounted for a significant portion of this loss, with forestry activities also playing a major role. Wildfires and urbanization, although less significant in comparison, still contributed to the overall decline in tree cover.

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The year 2017 was particularly devastating, with over 25,000 hectares lost, the highest recorded in the 21-year span. Conversely, 2020 saw the lowest tree cover loss, with approximately 6,200 hectares affected. Despite some gains in tree cover and periods of lower disturbance, the net change remains negative, indicating a persistent trend of deforestation.

The environmental consequences of these trends are evident in the gross emissions of CO2 equivalent, which have mirrored the patterns of tree cover loss. The cumulative impact of these losses on Zimbabwe's biodiversity, climate, and ecosystems is a matter of concern, calling for broader discussions on sustainable land management and conservation efforts.

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